For half a century, both old and new Pakistani students have been witnesses and participants of China's rapid change, known as the "iron bar".
Oriental outlook reporter xu ying, written by xu qingqing/Beijing report.
"You are from Shanghai?" The tanned Pakistani tech counselor in China. In case you meet, ask the Oriental weekly.
His Shanghai dialect dates back to 1949. At that time, his father was a British soldier in Shanghai, between Hong Kong and Shanghai.
Zeir, who had been listening to his father's story in China since childhood, began studying Beijing language and culture university in 1980. A year later, he went to Shanghai, the city where his father lived, to study mechanical manufacturing at Shanghai university, becoming one of the tens of thousands of Pakistani students in China.
Ze mir remember a teacher is a famous scientist, Mr Qian wei-chang "speaks good lesson not only, still in those difficult times for the school to apply for a lot of resources, is a very wonderful people."
According to the website of China's foreign ministry, in 1964, China began receiving foreign students from Pakistan, and in 2013, the total number of Pakistani students studying in China was 10,941.
For half a century, both old and new Pakistani foreign students have been witnesses and participants of China's rapid change, known as the "iron bar".
As jersey mir said: "I have been China's education, the best spent time in China, Chinese meal to eat, drink of China water, breathing the air in China, although I am a Pakistani diplomat, though I look like a foreigner, but I have a Chinese heart, have a Chinese dream."
Witnessing reform and opening up
And usually filled with their own beauty and art corridor of foreign embassy in China, Pakistan's embassy in China in the corridor eyeful is a photo of China and Pakistan leaders shook hands, many of which are long history of black and white photos.
Former Pakistan's commercial counsellor, Pakistan's first consul general in Shanghai, as well as Pakistan's punjab province China bureau chief executive he regret is, he can't see the legendary Chinese leader MAO zedong.
Zal, who is still in high school, was deeply infected by the picture of chairman MAO and ordinary farmers working together. He decided to visit China.
In 1976, at the age of 20, he finally applied for a scholarship to study Chinese at the Chinese language university. It is a pity that MAO died when he arrived in Beijing in September.
However, he was just in time for the tiananmen square massacre of the "gang of four", and the chairman of hua guofeng. To this day, he vividly remembers wearing the dark green clothes that were popular in China in those days, "feeling that everyone is equal".
Zal is from Lahore, Pakistan's second largest city, and the capital of the richest punjab province, Pakistan's cultural and art center, which has a history of more than 2,000 years.
After a year of language learning, he went to guangzhou before the reform and opening up, and continued his studies at the zhongshan medical school. "at that time, guangzhou was not open, and there were few foreigners, and I was surrounded by people everywhere."
He was able to understand cantonese when he graduated from college in 1982. Although he did not return to Pakistan during the six years, he witnessed the key process of China's reform.
In the early 1980s, foreign Banks were allowed in. With skilled Chinese and English, zal has found a job as a foreign bank in China.
"In the early reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises in overseas project is difficult, need to get bank loans should go to the safe for the record, layers of approval to issue a letter of guarantee is quite difficult, take at least three to four months. At that time, in foreign Banks, I also actively provided various kinds of assistance to Chinese enterprises, and I was directly involved in the reform and opening up. It is of great significance to recall now. "Said zal proudly.
Recently, he is reading the "the first days of China" written by li lanqing, the former deputy prime minister of the state council. Opened the book, he found one chapter to this reporter: in the early reform and opening up, China is not good at using the Asian development bank and the world bank loans (microblogging), Pakistan's ministry of finance shall be responsible for the world bank chief expert wu, Mr Khan was invited to lectures for Banks, businesses in China.
"Although other countries have relevant experience, they all have reservations." "Said zal.
Two countries that have changed.
In fact, "when I first came to China, Pakistan's infrastructure and economic conditions were better than China's." 'in the 1960s, Pakistan's economy grew at a rate of 7.5 percent to 7.8 percent a year, and there were a lot of government officials from around the country who went to Pakistan to learn about economic development,' Mr. Zimmerman said. But as the Soviet union invaded Afghanistan in 1979, Pakistan's economy crumbled.
But he said that in the 1980s, when he went to college, he said, "barkis is the iron man of China," which is later known as "ba iron."
After seven years of studying in China, he not only fluent in Chinese, but also learned to speak shanghainese. After graduation, he traveled to Saudi Arabia, where he worked for an oil company, and was eventually named Pakistan's technology counselor in China in 2010.
Back to China, he was astonished at the change in China, "a lot of skyscrapers, configuration of modern computer room, do you remember when we read when the purchase of a computer, we take turns to visit."
It's just that many of his professors have died. Fortunately, Mr. Zhu, who had taught him mathematics, was still there. Since each to Shanghai, ze mir total want to visit Mr Zhu, drink tea, chat, "I was the only one in the class of Pakistanis, Mr Zhu to take care all the more, I like a 'big parents'".
Before returning to China, he began working in Pakistan's ministry of science and technology in 2002. At that time the United States has launched the war on terror, even though become Allies, but he felt the U.S. aid and military spending far less than Pakistan consumption in the war, the specific performance is the rapid decline in investment in science and technology: 9 10 original scientific research project application can be approved, then generally is 2.
"Equivalent to Pakistan since 1979 has been in the war, all the financial resources, human life on the army, buy weapons, the ministry of education, the ministry of health, ministry of science and technology, ministry of agriculture are the lack of financial support, the people (50.320, 0.00, 0.00%) is very hard." "Said zemel.
His hometown is wah, a small city 30 kilometers north of Islamabad. Pakistan's defense ministry also has a military Arsenal, and his father worked in the factory after he left the army, and he witnessed the busy times during the war.
Mentioned this 5 years working experience in China, ze mir mood immediately turn for the better, "scientific and technological cooperation between the two countries is going really well, not too much trouble, we put forward any requirements of China China basically agree, of course we will not make unreasonable demands."
What is an all-weather friend?
Although he decided to return to Pakistan in 1991, he wanted to pursue a career in China, so he set up an investment advisory firm to advise on investment between China and Pakistan.
Three years later, he contributed to the Chinese companies in Pakistan's first non-governmental investment projects - tahe jinan motorcycle motorcycle co., LTD., established in Pakistan "pmtc-jinan seg" factory, the motorcycle in the following 20 years become a best-selling products is known from the President to the common people.
By the end of the 1990s, the Pakistani government had decided to select the most commercially experienced people from the society to serve as counsellors in China.
Zal was excited to announce his name and became Pakistan's commercial counselor in China in January 1999. The following year during the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the China and Pakistan, the two countries' economic cooperation has been unprecedented attention, the Chinese electrical appliances into Pakistan market, haier refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and other products in the very popular.
Since 2004, zal has served as the consulate general of the newly established Pakistani consulate in Shanghai and promoted the exchange of learning among provincial and municipal delegations. In his view, the biggest factor affecting china-pakistan cooperation at the moment is likely to be a partisan battle in Pakistan.
He explained that in Pakistan, the federal government and provincial governments are sometimes belong to different parties: for example, when he was in the punjab province China affairs office, the federal government is the people's party in power, the provincial government is the Muslim brotherhood in power.
Example is one of the most representative, as early as 2009, Pakistan's punjab province government and China north industries can Lahore city project international company to communicate, but rail projects need national sovereign guarantee, the federal government in order to prevent the provincial government relief after the success of the project to get more support, with all sorts of reason to deflect, progress has been slow.
However, "the opposition and the government are calling each other, and they are all unified on China. The relationship between the two countries has not changed, whether it is the junta or the parties, which is what we call all-weather. "Said zemel.
"Politically speaking, some countries in the world may feel that china-pakistan relations are good, they are not happy, they may have all kinds of ideas, but we don't care about them," he said. The relationship between Pakistan and China is very close, and now China is strong enough. Even if these obstacles exist, it seems to have no effect.
Zardari method, for example, "if the Chinese ambassador to Pakistan, want to see in one day the finance minister, the prime minister and President, military commander is possible, not other countries. Of course, China now has many friends and needs to balance diplomacy.
Now, the focus is on the china-pakistan economic corridor.
Zal will be formally appointed as an advisor to the china-pakistan economic corridor after President xi jinping's visit to Pakistan in April.
The "reform and open participant, beneficiary" office wall has pictures of him shaking hands with deng xiaoping while he was working at a foreign bank. Although the photographer's technique was not good, the overexposure was not good, but he insisted on Posting it.
The Chinese dream of the new "ba iron".
In early May 2015, zemel will attend the 35th anniversary reunion of college students. He was thrilled to see friends who had lost contact because of poor communication.
Because of President xi jinping's visit to Pakistan, he has been using the word "ba iron" in the past few days.
For example, the link he Shared continuously included "how is it made?" "You know what?" "The relationship between Brazil and Pakistan has been promoted to ba jin," and so on.
He also Shared the "Beijing the metal flash" video, images of a group of Pakistan and young people in China use flash to sing our friendship, I wish chairman xi jinping visit to Pakistan to a successful conclusion.
The event was organized by a 26-year-old Pakistani student from the Chinese language university, amzada, who is also a semi alumnus of semir.
So far, the video, which has been called "follow the big step: xi's trip to Pakistan", has been broadcast more than a quarter of a million times on youku. During the flash, the Chinese and Pakistani students held hands and shouted "long live china-pakistan friendship!"
Eminem, told the Oriental outlook magazine, but he came to China are influenced by their parents, father is a long-distance runner, when he was young to have a Chinese coach, "so the father is very complex in China, and the feelings of the also passed to me".
At this point, although the foreigners in China has not be onlookers, but he still got and generation of students on the same concern, "just came to China to buy things don't know where to go, a lot of classmates and teachers in China are eager to help."
To come to China in the third year, eminem, finally can understand "the princess huanzhu" and "sui and tang dynasties heroes", recently, he saw "empress wu", Chinese traditional culture is attractive for him.
Although china-pakistan relations are close, he told reporters that many Pakistanis have limited knowledge of China. Every time he goes home, a friend asks him, "are Chinese people going to walk on the wall?" Because they know China mainly through Jackie chan and Bruce lee's kung fu movies.
Now, there are about 10 friends from Pakistan who are close to amzard.
This circle will often get together and discuss "how to learn from China's economic development" this kind of problem, occasionally also discusses some phenomena in China, such as "why so many Chinese youth obsessed with American culture and Korean culture, on the contrary but ignore the ancient Chinese culture."
Of course, "whether to stay in China after graduation" is also a question of high frequency between them. Finding a job in China 'can be complicated,' he says. But while the Chinese who studied in China did not work in China, they almost used their language advantages to engage in china-pakistan trade.
"He said. For him, who will graduate in July, the possibilities are endless.
《瞭望东方周刊》记者徐颖 特约撰稿徐晴晴/北京报道
“侬是上海人伐？”皮肤黝黑的巴基斯坦驻华科技参赞泽米尔。阿万一见面就这样问《瞭望东方周刊》记者。
他的上海普通话，还要追溯到1949年之前。那时，泽米尔的父亲曾是英军驻上海的一员，往返于香港与上海之间。
从小听父亲讲中国故事的泽米尔，于1980年开始在北京语言大学学习。一年后，他前往父亲居住过的城市——上海，就读于上海大学机械制造专业，从而成为在中国的上万名巴基斯坦留学生中的一员。
泽米尔还记得当时有位老师是著名科学家钱伟长先生，“不仅课讲得好，还在那个困难的年代为学校申请到了很多的资源，是个很了不起的人。”
根据中国外交部网站，1964年中国开始接收巴基斯坦留学生起到2013年，来华学习的巴基斯坦学生总数为10941名。
半个世纪以来，无论老新巴基斯坦留学生，都是中国日新月异变化的见证者和参与者，被称为“最铁的巴铁”。
正如泽米尔所说：“我受到中国的教育，最好的时光在中国度过，吃的中国饭，喝的中国水，呼吸着中国空气，虽然我是巴基斯坦的外交官，虽然我长得像老外，但我有中国心，有中国梦。”
目睹改革开放
与通常满是本国风光和艺术品的外国驻华使馆走廊不同，巴基斯坦驻华使馆的走廊里满眼都是中巴领导人亲密握手的照片，其中很多都是历史久远的黑白相片。
曾任巴基斯坦驻华商务参赞、巴基斯坦驻上海首任总领事以及巴基斯坦旁遮普省对华事务局首席执行官的扎尔法的遗憾是，他没能见到传说中的中国领袖毛泽东。
还在读中学的扎尔法被印有毛主席和普通农民一起劳动图片的画报深深地感染，他决定到中国看看。
1976年，20岁的他终于如愿申请到了奖学金到中国语言大学学习汉语。只可惜他9月到北京时毛泽东已经去世。
不过，他正好赶上了天安门举行打倒“四人帮”的庆祝大会，还远远地看到华国锋主席。至今他记忆犹新的是，自己也穿上了那个年代中国流行的深绿衣服，“感觉每个人都很平等”。
扎尔法来自拉合尔，巴基斯坦的第二大城市，也是最富裕的旁遮普省省会、巴基斯坦的文化和艺术中心，拥有2000多年历史。
一年语言学习后，他去了改革开放前的广州，在中山医学院继续学业，“那时广州还未开放，少有外国人，我到哪儿去都被围观。”
1982年，大学毕业时他已经能听懂粤语。虽然这6年间他没有回过巴基斯坦，但目睹了中国改革的关键过程。
上世纪80年代初期，中国已允许外资银行进入。凭借熟练的中文和英文，扎尔法找到了一份外资银行在中国办事处的工作。
“改革开放初期，中国企业在国外做项目很困难，获得银行贷款需要层层审批还要去外管局备案，出具一份保函相当难，耗时至少三四个月。当时在外资银行，我也积极为中国企业提供各种帮助，也算直接参与了改革开放，现在回想起来是比较有意义的。”扎尔法自豪地说。
最近他正在阅读中国国务院原副总理李岚清所写的 《突围——国门初开的岁月》。翻开书，他为本刊记者找到其中一章：改革开放初期，中国并不善于使用亚洲开发银行和世界银行[微博]贷款，巴基斯坦财政部负责世界银行业务的首席专家乌拉赫·汗先生应邀来华为银行、企业举办讲座的故事。
“虽然其他国家也有相关经验，但都有所保留。”扎尔法说。
两个变化的国家
其实，“刚来中国时，巴基斯坦国内的基础设施、经济条件都要比中国相对好一些。”泽米尔说，上世纪60年代巴基斯坦经济增速曾达到每年7.5%到7.8%，有很多周围国家政府官员到巴基斯坦学习经济发展模式。不过随着1979年苏联进军阿富汗，巴基斯坦经济一蹶不振。”
不过他说，在80年代读大学时，已有说法“巴基斯是中国的铁哥们”，也就是后来的“巴铁”。
他在中国7年本硕连读后，不但汉语流利，还学会了说上海话。毕业后他一度前往沙特，在一家石油公司工作，最终于2010年被任命为巴基斯坦驻华科技参赞。
回到中国，他被中国的变化惊呆了，“很多高楼林立，配置现代化的电脑房，还记得当年我们读书那会儿学校购置一台电脑，我们轮流参观。”
只是此时教过他的很多教授已经去世。所幸教过他数学的朱老师还在。此后每到上海，泽米尔总要去探望朱老师，喝喝茶，聊聊天，“我是班上唯一的巴基斯坦人，朱老师对我格外照顾，像一位‘大家长’一样”。
在回到中国前，泽米尔在2002年开始就职于巴基斯坦科技部。那时美国已经发动了反恐战争，虽然成为盟友，但他觉得美国的援助和军费远抵不上巴基斯坦在战争中的消耗，其具体表现就是科技投入的快速下降：原来科研立项申请10个可以批准9个，这时一般就是2个。
“相当于巴基斯坦从1979年开始一直陆续在战争，所有的财力、人力都花在养军队、买武器上，教育部、卫生部、科技部、农业部均缺乏财政支持，老百姓(50.320, 0.00,0.00%)就很辛苦。”泽米尔说。
他的家乡是位于伊斯兰堡北部30公里的小城市——瓦赫。巴基斯坦国防部管辖的兵工厂也设立于此，他父亲退伍后就在该厂工作，泽米尔也亲眼目睹了战争时这里的繁忙。
提到在中国的这5年工作经历，泽米尔的情绪立刻好转，“两国的科技合作很顺利，没有遇到过大麻烦，我们对中方提出什么要求中方基本上都同意，当然我们也不会提不合理的要求。”
什么是全天候朋友
1991年扎尔法虽然决定回到巴基斯坦，但还是想从事与中国有关的事业，于是开设了一家投资咨询服务公司，为中巴之间的投资提供咨询。
3年后，他促成了中国企业在巴基斯坦投资的首个非政府项目——济南轻骑摩托车有限公司在巴基斯坦设立“轻骑赛格尔”工厂，这种摩托车在随后20年里成为从总统到老百姓都知晓的畅销产品。
到上世纪90年代末，巴基斯坦政府决定从社会上选拔商业经验丰富的人担任驻华参赞。
扎尔法激动地报了名，并在1999年1月出任巴基斯坦驻华商务参赞。次年正值中巴建交50周年，两国的经济合作被前所未有的重视，中国电器产品开始进入巴基斯坦市场，海尔的冰箱、洗衣机、空调等产品在巴十分畅销。
2004年起，扎尔法出任新成立的巴基斯坦驻上海领馆总领事，推动大量省市级代表团互相交流学习。在他看来，目前影响中巴合作的最大因素，恐怕还是巴基斯坦国内的党派之争。
他解释说，在巴基斯坦，联邦政府和省政府有的时候会分属不同的党派：比如，在他担任旁遮普省对华事务局的时候，联邦政府是人民党当权，省政府是穆斯林联盟当权。
一个最具代表性的例子就是，早在2009年巴基斯坦旁遮普省政府与中国北方工业国际公司就拉合尔城铁项目进行沟通，但是城铁项目需要国家主权担保，联邦政府为了防止省政府的利民项目成功后获得更多支持率，便以各种理由推诿，进展缓慢。
不过，“反对党与政府互相打来打去，对中国的问题上都是统一的。无论军政府还是各个党派执政，两国关系都没有变——就是我们说是‘全天候’。”泽米尔说。
他认为：“从政治上说，世界上一些国家可能觉得中巴关系很好，他们不太高兴，可能有各式各样的想法，但是我们不管他们。巴中关系就是非常密切，现在中国已经足够强大，这些阻力即使存在，也好像没有作用了。”
扎尔法的举例是，“如果中国驻巴基斯坦大使想要在一天之内见到巴基斯坦财政部长、总理、总统、军队司令都是可能的，别的国家就不行。当然，中国现在的朋友也很多，需要平衡外交。”
现在，他们两人共同关注的焦点就是“中巴经济走廊”。
扎尔法将在4月习近平主席访问巴基斯坦后被正式任命为中巴经济走廊顾问。
这位“改革开放的参与者、受益者”的办公室墙上，有他在外资银行工作时与邓小平握手的照片。虽然拍照者技术并不好，照片过度曝光画质并不算好，但他还是坚持把它郑重地张贴了上去。
新“巴铁”的中国梦
2015年5月初，泽米尔将参加大学同学举办的35周年同学聚会。可以见到因为通讯落后而失去联系的朋友们使他激动不已。
因为习近平主席对巴基斯坦的访问，泽米尔这几天已经用“巴铁”这个词语在朋友圈刷屏了。
比如他连续分享的链接就包括“巴铁是怎样炼成的？”“巴铁，你知道吗？”“巴铁关系已经升为巴金关系”，等等。
他还分享了“北京出现巴铁快闪”的视频，画面中一群巴基斯坦和中国的年轻人用快闪的方式来歌唱中巴友谊，预祝习近平主席访问巴基斯坦圆满成功。
活动的组织者是一名来自中国语言大学的26岁巴基斯坦留学生阿姆扎德，他也算是泽米尔的半个校友。
目前为止这个名为《跟着大大走：习大大访巴前夕》的视频仅在优酷上播放的次数已超过25万。在快闪过程中，中巴学生手挽着手一起高喊“中巴友谊万岁！”
阿姆扎德告诉《瞭望东方周刊》，其实他来到中国也是受到了父辈的影响——父亲年轻时是长跑运动员，有过一位中国教练，“所以父亲很有中国情结，并把这种感情也传递给了我”。
此时，虽然在中国的外国人已经不会被围观了，不过他还是得到了和上一代留学生一样的关怀，“刚来中国的时候买东西都不知道去哪儿，很多中国同学和老师都热心帮忙。”
来到中国的第三年，阿姆扎德终于能看懂《还珠格格》和《隋唐英雄传》，最近他还看了《武则天》，中国传统文化对于他来说很有吸引力。
虽然中巴关系密切，但是阿姆扎德告诉记者，很多巴基斯坦人对中国的认知还很有限。每次回家，总会有朋友问他“是不是中国人都会飞檐走壁？”因为他们认识中国主要还是通过成龙和李小龙的功夫片。
现在，与阿姆扎德联系紧密的巴基斯坦留学生朋友大概有10个人。
这个圈子也会经常聚在一起讨论“如何从中国经济发展中吸取经验”这类大问题，也偶尔会探讨一些中国现象，比如“为何很多中国青年如此痴迷于美国文化和韩国文化，相反却忽视古老的中国文化。”
当然，“毕业后是否留在中国”也是他们之间探讨频率比较高的问题。阿姆扎德说，找一份中国工作“可能比较复杂”。不过在中国留过学的学长虽然没有在中国工作，也都几乎利用了自己的语言优势从事了与中巴贸易相关的工作。
阿姆扎德说。对于7月即将毕业的他来说，未来的可能无限多。
